Wednesday, July 21, 2010
I Am Interested In Solar Power - But I'm Not Sure Where To Begin
Solar Power shows the most potential as a form of Renewable Energy. It’s also flexible enough to be used for very small personal tasks, or as the power source for a large Electrical Power Plant. One of its many good points is that, it does not require an infrastructure to be functional.
As a homeowner, you should have a basic understanding of this solar technology, so you can make intelligent decisions about how you may use it. Solar Power can be made complicated and expensive, yet it does not have to be either of these. There are opportunities here, and you don’t want to miss them.
There are just a few basic components you will need to put the sun’s solar energy to work for you. The main component is of course, the solar panels. How you intend to use for the power, will dictate the balance of the equipment you’ll need. Initially, let’s look at a stand-alone system that will not be connected to the power company or the AC voltage of your home. This system will require at least one Solar Panel, a Battery and a Charge Controller.
The Charge Controller prevents overcharging, protecting the batteries. Uncontrolled this can reduce battery performance or lifespan, and may pose a safety risk. It can also prevent us from completely draining a battery, or perform controlled discharges, depending on the battery technology. This device is simply a small box that connects between the solar panels and the batteries.
A Charge Controller typically does this by limiting the rate at which electrical current is added to or drawn from batteries. It’s often intended for use with 12 or 24 volt solar panels, and it’s sized to handle a specific amount of amperage, and wattage of solar power. The Charge Controller is the ideal for protection for your solar panels and batteries.
Controllers using Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) and Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT) technologies are more electronically sophisticated, adjusting charging rates depending on the battery's level, to allow charging closer to its maximum capacity. Charge controllers may also monitor battery temperature to prevent overheating.
If you want to operate AC products with your Solar Power, you’ll need an Inverter. The Power Inverter is an electronic device intended to take a low-voltage DC power from a solar panel and its battery, converting it to standard 115 volt AC power like the current you have in your home. This conversion process thereby allows you to use many of your household appliances and your electronic products virtually anywhere.
Different inverters are made to produce different types of AC power. Some sophisticated electronics do not function properly using a square wave AC, which the type of power produced by some inexpensive Inverters. On the other hand, if you want to power lights, motors like fans or the compressor in your refrigerator, this type of inverted power is just fine. You'll want to use a Pure-Sine Inverter to power some of the more select items.
Grid Tie Inverters can feed solar energy back into the distribution network, the power company’s wires. They produce Alternating Current with the same wave shape and frequency as supplied by the distribution system. This is type of Inverter you would use if your going to connect your energy to the power company.
How does a solar panel work? It’s just pure magic, you put the panel in sunlight and it magically produces electricity - it’s marvelous! Actually, the semiconductor material must absorb photons in sunlight. This absorption in turn releases atoms, which begin to flow through the semiconductor to create an electrical charge, put simply.
Today, you have a choice in solar panel technology, as the industry is evolving. There is the traditional, which to most, would appear like a framed picture with glass. Another is referred to as, thin-film. Which you will find presented in the typical glass frame approach, as well as a flexible non-breakable material. Both offer different levels of sophistication and efficiency.
One of the more recent techniques that is being used today to improve efficiency are solar panels that react to more than one frequency of light. This permits the panel to gather more energy from the sun, and even perform in times of clouds. A Triple Junction module for example, combines three separate tuned PV layers for red, green and blue light.
There has been lot of innovation that has gone into improvements in recent years. All the components involved are becoming more efficient, and costs have come down significantly. It’s important to understand the sizing or the amount of power you can get from a Solar system. It can be misleading, for example a small Solar Power System may offer 650 watts of energy. You think to yourself, I can’t even run my coffee pot on that! Actually, that is not the case.
That 650 watts is per-hour of solar energy collected from the sun. If you live in an area that has an average of 6 hours of sunlight per day, that’s 3,900 watts per day, or 117,000 watts per month. Almost everywhere across the country we have 4.5 to 6.5 hours average annual daily sunlight. Your coffee pot may actually draw a 1000 watts per hour, and in reality only consume 160 watts to make a pot of coffee. Based on that, you’re good for 731 pots of coffee per month from a system that small. I hope you like coffee!
In small systems, the extra power is stored in deep cell batteries. In larger systems, you can connect directly to the power company. They use the extra power, and provide you power in return during hours of darkness. This is credited against your electrical costs. A favorite past time of some Solar Power owners is to watch the electrical meter go backwards. There’s something about this phenomenon that amuses them.
Barry Dean is an Engineer with http://www.SolarWorks211.Com an eCommerce retail outlet for Renewable Energy products, and a passion for Solar Power. He has been an enthusiast of Solar Power for almost four decades.
SolarWorks211
As a homeowner, you should have a basic understanding of this solar technology, so you can make intelligent decisions about how you may use it. Solar Power can be made complicated and expensive, yet it does not have to be either of these. There are opportunities here, and you don’t want to miss them.
There are just a few basic components you will need to put the sun’s solar energy to work for you. The main component is of course, the solar panels. How you intend to use for the power, will dictate the balance of the equipment you’ll need. Initially, let’s look at a stand-alone system that will not be connected to the power company or the AC voltage of your home. This system will require at least one Solar Panel, a Battery and a Charge Controller.
The Charge Controller prevents overcharging, protecting the batteries. Uncontrolled this can reduce battery performance or lifespan, and may pose a safety risk. It can also prevent us from completely draining a battery, or perform controlled discharges, depending on the battery technology. This device is simply a small box that connects between the solar panels and the batteries.
A Charge Controller typically does this by limiting the rate at which electrical current is added to or drawn from batteries. It’s often intended for use with 12 or 24 volt solar panels, and it’s sized to handle a specific amount of amperage, and wattage of solar power. The Charge Controller is the ideal for protection for your solar panels and batteries.
Controllers using Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) and Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT) technologies are more electronically sophisticated, adjusting charging rates depending on the battery's level, to allow charging closer to its maximum capacity. Charge controllers may also monitor battery temperature to prevent overheating.
If you want to operate AC products with your Solar Power, you’ll need an Inverter. The Power Inverter is an electronic device intended to take a low-voltage DC power from a solar panel and its battery, converting it to standard 115 volt AC power like the current you have in your home. This conversion process thereby allows you to use many of your household appliances and your electronic products virtually anywhere.
Different inverters are made to produce different types of AC power. Some sophisticated electronics do not function properly using a square wave AC, which the type of power produced by some inexpensive Inverters. On the other hand, if you want to power lights, motors like fans or the compressor in your refrigerator, this type of inverted power is just fine. You'll want to use a Pure-Sine Inverter to power some of the more select items.
Grid Tie Inverters can feed solar energy back into the distribution network, the power company’s wires. They produce Alternating Current with the same wave shape and frequency as supplied by the distribution system. This is type of Inverter you would use if your going to connect your energy to the power company.
How does a solar panel work? It’s just pure magic, you put the panel in sunlight and it magically produces electricity - it’s marvelous! Actually, the semiconductor material must absorb photons in sunlight. This absorption in turn releases atoms, which begin to flow through the semiconductor to create an electrical charge, put simply.
Today, you have a choice in solar panel technology, as the industry is evolving. There is the traditional, which to most, would appear like a framed picture with glass. Another is referred to as, thin-film. Which you will find presented in the typical glass frame approach, as well as a flexible non-breakable material. Both offer different levels of sophistication and efficiency.
One of the more recent techniques that is being used today to improve efficiency are solar panels that react to more than one frequency of light. This permits the panel to gather more energy from the sun, and even perform in times of clouds. A Triple Junction module for example, combines three separate tuned PV layers for red, green and blue light.
There has been lot of innovation that has gone into improvements in recent years. All the components involved are becoming more efficient, and costs have come down significantly. It’s important to understand the sizing or the amount of power you can get from a Solar system. It can be misleading, for example a small Solar Power System may offer 650 watts of energy. You think to yourself, I can’t even run my coffee pot on that! Actually, that is not the case.
That 650 watts is per-hour of solar energy collected from the sun. If you live in an area that has an average of 6 hours of sunlight per day, that’s 3,900 watts per day, or 117,000 watts per month. Almost everywhere across the country we have 4.5 to 6.5 hours average annual daily sunlight. Your coffee pot may actually draw a 1000 watts per hour, and in reality only consume 160 watts to make a pot of coffee. Based on that, you’re good for 731 pots of coffee per month from a system that small. I hope you like coffee!
In small systems, the extra power is stored in deep cell batteries. In larger systems, you can connect directly to the power company. They use the extra power, and provide you power in return during hours of darkness. This is credited against your electrical costs. A favorite past time of some Solar Power owners is to watch the electrical meter go backwards. There’s something about this phenomenon that amuses them.
Barry Dean is an Engineer with http://www.SolarWorks211.Com an eCommerce retail outlet for Renewable Energy products, and a passion for Solar Power. He has been an enthusiast of Solar Power for almost four decades.
SolarWorks211
Saturday, July 17, 2010
Three’s Company - Oil, Coal, and Solar
I’m pro Renewable Energy. I’m passionate about Solar Power, and I care tremendously about our environment. However, coal is what brought us into and allowed the Industrial Age to occur. Even today, coal produces half of the energy in the United States, and more in other countries. The industry also provides many jobs in a time where work is scarce. Yes, it causes a lot of damage to local environments. Coal also causes a substantial amount of health problems for people near mining operations. People close to the power plants suffer health effects as well. There’s also the argument of carbon emissions associated with coal power.
Now that I have both the Environmentalists and the Coal Workers upset… let us not leave out the Oil Industry. Bashing the oil companies will not put one more Solar Panel on a roof. Yes, the recent oil “spill” was a catastrophe! Yes, people have a right to be angry. However, we’re not a society that’s ready to give up on the use of oil. Now honestly, did you know that over half the barrel of crude oil is made into other products. We would find many, difficult to do without.
Look around you and consider what is made from plastic. Then consider the asphalt on our roads, the rubber in our tires, and the tar on our roofs. Hundreds, actually thousands, of products you use everyday come from that barrel of crude oil. Over 53% of a barrel of crude oil is made into countless plastics, polymers, electronic components, wax and packaging materials, perfume, jet fuel, paint, insect repellent, tires, sulfur, safety glass, pharmaceuticals, lubrications, asphalt, propane, diesel, soaps, computers, flooring like linoleum, tiles, and carpets, insecticides, shampoo, fertilizers, hand lotion and creams, electrodes, cosmetics, fibers and materials like polyester and nylon, elastomer materials, solvents, synthetics, heating oil, numerous chemicals, solid fuels, hydrogen, carbon, and kerosene… over 4,000 petrochemical products, AND the rest is gasoline.
So go ahead, try to build an automobile, a television, or a computer without oil. From the carpet under our feet, to the roofs over ours heads, and the clothes on many of our backs… you will find oil plays a major part. I’m not saying there are not alternatives, just that we need a better plan than just, us and them.
I believe coal has remained cheap because society has not forced mining operations and power companies to internalize the costs of the environmental, economic, and health damage associated with coal into the price. Coal continues to dominate simply because the market doesn't reflect social costs. This is going to change. Solar Power is already competitive with coal even before these realizations will begin to drive up the cost of coal. Construction cost estimates for new coal-fired power plants have increased significantly in recent years. There have been staggering increases in recent costs. The estimated costs of building new coal plants have reached $3,500 per kW, without financing costs, and are expected to increase further. A cost of well over $2 billion for a new 600 MW coal plant. Solar anyone?
I’m one-hundred percent for Renewable Energy, and I believe Solar Power is the most promising choice. That said, without both coal and oil, at this moment in time, our society would crumble. Frankly, we wouldn’t survive. I’m not aware of anyone that could give up the use of oil or its by-products. Or shutting down half the power plants in the country, and giving up on coal. So, let’s put our collective minds together and find solutions, not arguments. We need the coal, we need the oil, we need the jobs, and we need Solar Power to emerge and evolve into the solution it can be for our future.
Now that I have both the Environmentalists and the Coal Workers upset… let us not leave out the Oil Industry. Bashing the oil companies will not put one more Solar Panel on a roof. Yes, the recent oil “spill” was a catastrophe! Yes, people have a right to be angry. However, we’re not a society that’s ready to give up on the use of oil. Now honestly, did you know that over half the barrel of crude oil is made into other products. We would find many, difficult to do without.
Look around you and consider what is made from plastic. Then consider the asphalt on our roads, the rubber in our tires, and the tar on our roofs. Hundreds, actually thousands, of products you use everyday come from that barrel of crude oil. Over 53% of a barrel of crude oil is made into countless plastics, polymers, electronic components, wax and packaging materials, perfume, jet fuel, paint, insect repellent, tires, sulfur, safety glass, pharmaceuticals, lubrications, asphalt, propane, diesel, soaps, computers, flooring like linoleum, tiles, and carpets, insecticides, shampoo, fertilizers, hand lotion and creams, electrodes, cosmetics, fibers and materials like polyester and nylon, elastomer materials, solvents, synthetics, heating oil, numerous chemicals, solid fuels, hydrogen, carbon, and kerosene… over 4,000 petrochemical products, AND the rest is gasoline.
So go ahead, try to build an automobile, a television, or a computer without oil. From the carpet under our feet, to the roofs over ours heads, and the clothes on many of our backs… you will find oil plays a major part. I’m not saying there are not alternatives, just that we need a better plan than just, us and them.
I believe coal has remained cheap because society has not forced mining operations and power companies to internalize the costs of the environmental, economic, and health damage associated with coal into the price. Coal continues to dominate simply because the market doesn't reflect social costs. This is going to change. Solar Power is already competitive with coal even before these realizations will begin to drive up the cost of coal. Construction cost estimates for new coal-fired power plants have increased significantly in recent years. There have been staggering increases in recent costs. The estimated costs of building new coal plants have reached $3,500 per kW, without financing costs, and are expected to increase further. A cost of well over $2 billion for a new 600 MW coal plant. Solar anyone?
I’m one-hundred percent for Renewable Energy, and I believe Solar Power is the most promising choice. That said, without both coal and oil, at this moment in time, our society would crumble. Frankly, we wouldn’t survive. I’m not aware of anyone that could give up the use of oil or its by-products. Or shutting down half the power plants in the country, and giving up on coal. So, let’s put our collective minds together and find solutions, not arguments. We need the coal, we need the oil, we need the jobs, and we need Solar Power to emerge and evolve into the solution it can be for our future.
Universal Environment - Let There Be Light (Part 2)
In quickly summarizing some of the opinions that were offered in the first article “Energy and Magnetics“ Let There Be Light (Part 1) : The magnetic photon does possess effective-mass and energy. Symmetry can be broken, replaced with anisotropy and vector zero can be overcome. Work can be performed without the violation of Thermodynamic Laws. The virtual equal and opposite actions can be nullified or modified. There exists only one single fundamental phenomenon: light.
Quoting Maxwell, “The truth of the second law is statistical, not a mathematical truth, for it depends on the fact that the bodies we deal with consist of millions of molecules… Hence, the second Law of Thermodynamics is continually being violated, and to that considerable extent, in any sufficiently small group of molecules belong to a real body”. (J.C. Maxwell, Trait’s Thermodynamics II,” Nature 17, 278-280 [7 February 1878]).
The vacuum, or this universal-environment I prefer to call it, is all around us, one does not normally see it or feel it. Only when we distort this vacuum of space does its presence become very apparent. It stands to reason, it is possible to produce a net gain of energy, with no apparent input of energy by the operator. It appears true that it is physically impossible to build a system, magnetic or otherwise, that outputs more work than all the useable energy that is input to it, or made available to it. The best one could expect is simply approaching 100%. This applies to energy inputted either by the operator or by the environment.
That said, one also begins to realize that you can conform to all applicable electrodynamics laws of physics, and be in harmony with the law of Conservation of Energy, the laws of Electromagnetism, and other related Natural laws. Considering one of the basic principals, Newton’s third law; a virtual equal and opposite action for every action, and by applying a reaction that is additive to the original action.
With the appropriate geometry and by applying additional magnetic fields to select permanent magnetic fields. Instead of the action slowing down the system that created it, the reaction could add energy to the system. This is accomplished by changing the magnitude of one or more potentials. Change of a single potential is an asymmetrical change, and it also changes the net force field. The new force field can drive additional electron current, contributing some net useful work with the energy taken from the universal-environment, by the creating of an asymmetric action. Lee and Yang received the Nobel Prize for their prediction of broken symmetry, including that of opposite charges and therefore of any source or dipole.
These secondary virtual electric-fields can be induced by permanent magnets. With an asymmetrical configuration, acceleration of a rotor adds more angular momentum than the lessened back-drag forces takes away. There could be a net acceleration of the rotor on every pass. The multiple secondary virtual electromagnetic fields created are asymmetric, an induced magnetic motor could accelerate until its load drag deceleration force equals its magnetic acceleration net force. The result being the asymmetric fields creating a condition to self-rotate and power its load, using energy extracted from the universal-environment by the broken symmetry.
In this configuration, a violation of the Thermodynamic Laws does not exist. Any potential violation of Thermodynamics applies only to a closed system in near equilibrium. It doesn’t apply to an open system far from thermodynamic equilibrium. This is effective only in an asymmetric approach. Virtually continuous motion exists throughout the Universe. Newton’s first law applies to continuous motion. Once an object is placed into a state of motion in space, it will continuously remain in that state of motion until acted upon by an intervening force to change its state of motion. A current without resistance once started, just keeps on going forever. The resulting coefficient-of-performance as understood is infinite.
In our model, picture a rotor moving through multiple magnetic fields. Specific multiple induced currents can prevent magnetic lockup and eliminate the magnetic back-drag when correctly applied. When this occurs there are virtually equal and opposite forces, multiple electric fields that coexist in space. Conventional thinking says they combine to eliminate each other. The presence of the magnetic field suggests that the fact the electric fields of individual charges in fact coexist. When the charge moves, the electric field moves with it. When an electric current flows in a conductor, there is an imbalance in the random thermal velocities of the conduction band electrons. This is felt in the region beyond the conductor in the relative movement of the coexisting electric fields of the conduction band electrons and of the other charges of the crystal lattice of the conductor. It is this relative movement of the electric fields, which generates the magnetic field. The static electromagnetic field even of permanent magnets is thermodynamically a non-equilibrium steady-state system. The two dipoles, one electric and one magnetic, tell us clearly that something previously virtual has become observable, because of the proven broken symmetry of the opposite charges.
The presence of another force also exists, the dynamics of a slowing accelerated electron, in combination with the basic principals of relativity. We can use the Law of Motion of the electron in the instants of time. The conducting rotor which is also magnetic, and because of attracting magnetic poles is rotating through a dual magnetic field. Instantly, and before back-drag or lockup can occur motional electromotive force is induced. Since the magnetic flux linking the circuit increases in time, the EMF acts in the negative direction. Therefore acts in the anti-clockwise direction. This EMF drives an electric current of magnitude around the circuit. In reference to the direction of the rotor movement, this torque is in the same direction. These two forces join to create another asymmetric situation. The only way in which the charge can acquire this energy is if something does work on it as it circulates.
Only an electric field can exert a significant force on a slowly moving charge. In order to account for the motional EMF generated around the circuit, we need the charge to experience an upward force of magnitude. The only way in which this is possible is if the charge sees an upward pointing electric field of magnitude. There is an electric field in the frame of reference of the moving rotor, and it is this field that does the necessary amount of work on the charges, moving around the circuit. Which is needed in order to account fro the existence of the motional EMF. Inducing the existence of motional EMF and an additional electromagnetic force combined with the production of forward torque on the rotor. Magnetic Flux is first and foremost, an undeniable form of energy. Join us for Part 3, coming soon.
Quoting Maxwell, “The truth of the second law is statistical, not a mathematical truth, for it depends on the fact that the bodies we deal with consist of millions of molecules… Hence, the second Law of Thermodynamics is continually being violated, and to that considerable extent, in any sufficiently small group of molecules belong to a real body”. (J.C. Maxwell, Trait’s Thermodynamics II,” Nature 17, 278-280 [7 February 1878]).
The vacuum, or this universal-environment I prefer to call it, is all around us, one does not normally see it or feel it. Only when we distort this vacuum of space does its presence become very apparent. It stands to reason, it is possible to produce a net gain of energy, with no apparent input of energy by the operator. It appears true that it is physically impossible to build a system, magnetic or otherwise, that outputs more work than all the useable energy that is input to it, or made available to it. The best one could expect is simply approaching 100%. This applies to energy inputted either by the operator or by the environment.
That said, one also begins to realize that you can conform to all applicable electrodynamics laws of physics, and be in harmony with the law of Conservation of Energy, the laws of Electromagnetism, and other related Natural laws. Considering one of the basic principals, Newton’s third law; a virtual equal and opposite action for every action, and by applying a reaction that is additive to the original action.
With the appropriate geometry and by applying additional magnetic fields to select permanent magnetic fields. Instead of the action slowing down the system that created it, the reaction could add energy to the system. This is accomplished by changing the magnitude of one or more potentials. Change of a single potential is an asymmetrical change, and it also changes the net force field. The new force field can drive additional electron current, contributing some net useful work with the energy taken from the universal-environment, by the creating of an asymmetric action. Lee and Yang received the Nobel Prize for their prediction of broken symmetry, including that of opposite charges and therefore of any source or dipole.
These secondary virtual electric-fields can be induced by permanent magnets. With an asymmetrical configuration, acceleration of a rotor adds more angular momentum than the lessened back-drag forces takes away. There could be a net acceleration of the rotor on every pass. The multiple secondary virtual electromagnetic fields created are asymmetric, an induced magnetic motor could accelerate until its load drag deceleration force equals its magnetic acceleration net force. The result being the asymmetric fields creating a condition to self-rotate and power its load, using energy extracted from the universal-environment by the broken symmetry.
In this configuration, a violation of the Thermodynamic Laws does not exist. Any potential violation of Thermodynamics applies only to a closed system in near equilibrium. It doesn’t apply to an open system far from thermodynamic equilibrium. This is effective only in an asymmetric approach. Virtually continuous motion exists throughout the Universe. Newton’s first law applies to continuous motion. Once an object is placed into a state of motion in space, it will continuously remain in that state of motion until acted upon by an intervening force to change its state of motion. A current without resistance once started, just keeps on going forever. The resulting coefficient-of-performance as understood is infinite.
In our model, picture a rotor moving through multiple magnetic fields. Specific multiple induced currents can prevent magnetic lockup and eliminate the magnetic back-drag when correctly applied. When this occurs there are virtually equal and opposite forces, multiple electric fields that coexist in space. Conventional thinking says they combine to eliminate each other. The presence of the magnetic field suggests that the fact the electric fields of individual charges in fact coexist. When the charge moves, the electric field moves with it. When an electric current flows in a conductor, there is an imbalance in the random thermal velocities of the conduction band electrons. This is felt in the region beyond the conductor in the relative movement of the coexisting electric fields of the conduction band electrons and of the other charges of the crystal lattice of the conductor. It is this relative movement of the electric fields, which generates the magnetic field. The static electromagnetic field even of permanent magnets is thermodynamically a non-equilibrium steady-state system. The two dipoles, one electric and one magnetic, tell us clearly that something previously virtual has become observable, because of the proven broken symmetry of the opposite charges.
The presence of another force also exists, the dynamics of a slowing accelerated electron, in combination with the basic principals of relativity. We can use the Law of Motion of the electron in the instants of time. The conducting rotor which is also magnetic, and because of attracting magnetic poles is rotating through a dual magnetic field. Instantly, and before back-drag or lockup can occur motional electromotive force is induced. Since the magnetic flux linking the circuit increases in time, the EMF acts in the negative direction. Therefore acts in the anti-clockwise direction. This EMF drives an electric current of magnitude around the circuit. In reference to the direction of the rotor movement, this torque is in the same direction. These two forces join to create another asymmetric situation. The only way in which the charge can acquire this energy is if something does work on it as it circulates.
Only an electric field can exert a significant force on a slowly moving charge. In order to account for the motional EMF generated around the circuit, we need the charge to experience an upward force of magnitude. The only way in which this is possible is if the charge sees an upward pointing electric field of magnitude. There is an electric field in the frame of reference of the moving rotor, and it is this field that does the necessary amount of work on the charges, moving around the circuit. Which is needed in order to account fro the existence of the motional EMF. Inducing the existence of motional EMF and an additional electromagnetic force combined with the production of forward torque on the rotor. Magnetic Flux is first and foremost, an undeniable form of energy. Join us for Part 3, coming soon.
Energy and Magnetics - Let There Be Light (Part 1)
This is the first of a series of controversial articles that are going to deal with energy. I’m not an Academician or a Physicist, nor do I choose to pick sides between the abstract and the tangible points of science. In other words Engineering or Physics, chalkboard or screwdriver. It’s not my intent to get into the subject too technically deep, perhaps just enough for most of us to grasp the new concepts offered.
This opening point is important to grasp. Generally, it is accepted that a photon cannot perform work, because it has no mass. Photons, as a quantum object, exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties. It is also the force carrier for the electromagnetic force.
We all know now, and it’s an accepted fact that space is not empty. The active universal-environment is filled with numerous virtual particles. It is an accepted fact that the environment of space is no longer considered inert. The electron, a tangible object, is one of the particles that exists and interacts in this medium. As an electron moves through space, it is never at rest. The continued propagation of the electromagnetic waves are constant. A photon exists entirely as a self-propagating group of electromagnetic fields. The photon is never at rest. It cannot exist at rest, and so has no “mass” or any other property at rest. Yet a photon does have “effective” mass, because the mass-energy relationship still holds true. My point is: a photon could perform work.
Additionally, photons are affected by gravitational fields, and the acceleration they experience can be computed as the change in energy as they move through a gravitational field. There’s undeniable evidence of photons’ mass through the mass-energy relationship existing. They simply have no resting mass. This electromagnetic radiation produced, due to the acceleration of electric charges, has numerous identities and explained forms. It has been identified as a photon, electromagnetic radiation, cosmic rays, radio waves, infrared radiation, microwaves, ultra-violet radiation, and light. They all refer to the same thing. The genuine difference is related only to the frequency of the radiation. All of these forms, and more refer to the very same parcel of energy.
There exists only one single fundamental phenomenon. A magnetic field produced by an accelerated charge, processing all the characteristics of energy; polarization, amplitude, frequency; all represent electromagnetic radiation. It makes no sense for us to assume that the nature of light changes due to a change in the method used to identify its existence.
Science continues to be challenged as we all attempt to fully grasp the reality and potential of permanent and electro-magnetics. There remains more to learn about magnetism than one can imagine, or yet perhaps comprehend. Both Faraday and Tesla envisioned numerous devices and gave us the guidelines for achieving virtually continuous motion. It was established, even then, that the work required to move the magnetic fields about a system to harness energy would have to be eliminated. Magnetic back-drag and magnetic pole lock-up would also have to be eliminated.
The Exchange Forces; Strong and Weak, Gravitational Interactions, Magnetic and other forces conveyed through space are obviously caused and exist in an environment acting according to Laws. Granted, there is chaos, yet there is also order. Empty space is not so void of physical properties, this vacuum is quite active. Quantum Electrodynamics clearly tells us that. The propagation of electromagnetic fields within the very active universal-environment extends everywhere and is seemingly endless. The galactic masses contain electric charges, electrons and protons exist in all atoms.
When these charges move, or if the electrons are accelerated, magnetic moments then induce back electric charges, which again induce a second generation in alternating phases per Lenz law, and so on. These alternating phases of induction, plus the difference of angles, following the rule of current flow between the two energies would cause everything to spin and spiral. This is how a galactic spiral is initially formed. Can you deny the existence or these actions?
I suspect that spatial energy can be extracted with and through magnetic devices. This force can be used without the associated problematic pole lock-up or magnetic back-drag experienced by current conventional means. The coefficient-of-performance in excess of one (COP>1), as it’s currently represented is possible. This is not to imply that it is exceeded, it is not.
The magnetic photon does possess effective-mass and energy. Symmetry can be broken, replaced with anisotropy and vector zero can be overcome. Work can be performed without the violation of Thermodynamic Laws. However, the second Law of Thermodynamics has known and accepted violations where negative entropy is produced temporarily, including the statistical fluctuations of an equilibrium many-particle system. Nor is it in violation of the Energy Conservation Law, the current assumption is simply incorrect.
The virtual equal and opposite actions can be nullified or modified. Within the realm of physics definitions; useful work can be performed such as displacement of a rotor in respect to a stator, and to produce unidirectional propelling forces. The structure of electrons, protons, and atoms are a continuously rotating system at the very basic level of the Universe. The active universal-environment is achieved, since the ratio of energy out, versus energy input has already exceeded unity. Please join us, for Part 2, coming soon.
This opening point is important to grasp. Generally, it is accepted that a photon cannot perform work, because it has no mass. Photons, as a quantum object, exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties. It is also the force carrier for the electromagnetic force.
We all know now, and it’s an accepted fact that space is not empty. The active universal-environment is filled with numerous virtual particles. It is an accepted fact that the environment of space is no longer considered inert. The electron, a tangible object, is one of the particles that exists and interacts in this medium. As an electron moves through space, it is never at rest. The continued propagation of the electromagnetic waves are constant. A photon exists entirely as a self-propagating group of electromagnetic fields. The photon is never at rest. It cannot exist at rest, and so has no “mass” or any other property at rest. Yet a photon does have “effective” mass, because the mass-energy relationship still holds true. My point is: a photon could perform work.
Additionally, photons are affected by gravitational fields, and the acceleration they experience can be computed as the change in energy as they move through a gravitational field. There’s undeniable evidence of photons’ mass through the mass-energy relationship existing. They simply have no resting mass. This electromagnetic radiation produced, due to the acceleration of electric charges, has numerous identities and explained forms. It has been identified as a photon, electromagnetic radiation, cosmic rays, radio waves, infrared radiation, microwaves, ultra-violet radiation, and light. They all refer to the same thing. The genuine difference is related only to the frequency of the radiation. All of these forms, and more refer to the very same parcel of energy.
There exists only one single fundamental phenomenon. A magnetic field produced by an accelerated charge, processing all the characteristics of energy; polarization, amplitude, frequency; all represent electromagnetic radiation. It makes no sense for us to assume that the nature of light changes due to a change in the method used to identify its existence.
Science continues to be challenged as we all attempt to fully grasp the reality and potential of permanent and electro-magnetics. There remains more to learn about magnetism than one can imagine, or yet perhaps comprehend. Both Faraday and Tesla envisioned numerous devices and gave us the guidelines for achieving virtually continuous motion. It was established, even then, that the work required to move the magnetic fields about a system to harness energy would have to be eliminated. Magnetic back-drag and magnetic pole lock-up would also have to be eliminated.
The Exchange Forces; Strong and Weak, Gravitational Interactions, Magnetic and other forces conveyed through space are obviously caused and exist in an environment acting according to Laws. Granted, there is chaos, yet there is also order. Empty space is not so void of physical properties, this vacuum is quite active. Quantum Electrodynamics clearly tells us that. The propagation of electromagnetic fields within the very active universal-environment extends everywhere and is seemingly endless. The galactic masses contain electric charges, electrons and protons exist in all atoms.
When these charges move, or if the electrons are accelerated, magnetic moments then induce back electric charges, which again induce a second generation in alternating phases per Lenz law, and so on. These alternating phases of induction, plus the difference of angles, following the rule of current flow between the two energies would cause everything to spin and spiral. This is how a galactic spiral is initially formed. Can you deny the existence or these actions?
I suspect that spatial energy can be extracted with and through magnetic devices. This force can be used without the associated problematic pole lock-up or magnetic back-drag experienced by current conventional means. The coefficient-of-performance in excess of one (COP>1), as it’s currently represented is possible. This is not to imply that it is exceeded, it is not.
The magnetic photon does possess effective-mass and energy. Symmetry can be broken, replaced with anisotropy and vector zero can be overcome. Work can be performed without the violation of Thermodynamic Laws. However, the second Law of Thermodynamics has known and accepted violations where negative entropy is produced temporarily, including the statistical fluctuations of an equilibrium many-particle system. Nor is it in violation of the Energy Conservation Law, the current assumption is simply incorrect.
The virtual equal and opposite actions can be nullified or modified. Within the realm of physics definitions; useful work can be performed such as displacement of a rotor in respect to a stator, and to produce unidirectional propelling forces. The structure of electrons, protons, and atoms are a continuously rotating system at the very basic level of the Universe. The active universal-environment is achieved, since the ratio of energy out, versus energy input has already exceeded unity. Please join us, for Part 2, coming soon.
Wednesday, July 14, 2010
Myths of Solar Power
Green Energy is a very popular subject in today’s world. However, many folks know little about the most promising form of Renewable Energy: Solar. For example, it’s a common assumption one must live in a sunshine state to receive any benefit. While in fact, there is little difference in average daily sunlight across the American countryside. The sun shines an average of 5.6 hours a day in Miami and Los Angeles, while the city of St. Cloud in Minnesota manages to offer 4.5 hours. Less than a 20% difference from one of the best, to one of the worst. Did you know Germany, (hardly known as the land-of-sun), produces more solar energy than any country in the world?
It’s still perceived that Solar Power is too expensive, and cannot compete with fossil fuel. The cost of Solar is falling all the time. Plus, it doesn’t take a rocket-scientist to figure out, when you have to pay for a fuel to burn for the next 20 to 40 years - versus NO fuel costs - solar power just might be a better way. You may still think you can’t afford a solar installation. A system can be sized from one panel to any quantity - you can expand a system, a panel at a time. There’s many other practical uses as well for smaller solar applications.
I believe Solar PV Panels are a cost effective form of energy today. We need to put more emphasis on how Solar Energy and other Renewable Energy can contribute in solving these problems. More power, less pollution! There is great contrast from a blackout in Hong Kong due to unrealistic energy demands, and trying to read by the light of a kerosene lamp in Kisii Town, Kenya. Electrical power requirements ripple across Europe as well, and the day-to-day efforts to meet electrical goals in China remain overwhelming. Solar Power is our best hope as a gradual supplement and replacement for growing energy demands globally. Solar is a flexible medium that can be installed without an infrastructure, something that may not be present everywhere.
A single small solar panel could run all your exterior lighting of your home - collecting light during the day and storing it, running lights into the morning. A single panel could also keep an SLA battery charged, providing emergency lighting for your home during power outages. Beats that noisy generator in the garage, don’t you think? Solar is expensive to install. Not really, many solutions are easy do-it-yourself - qualified crews are available for major projects.
Regardless of your political views, we all know we cannot simply continue to “consume” natural resources, to solve our energy needs. A remarkable effect would take place just reducing our personal electrical consumption a little bit - you know, reducing that carbon footprint. Even if it’s simply charging your cell phone, laptop, and other electronics with portable solar devices. Solar is great for RVs and Camping as well. It’s very abundant and a completely clean form of energy. Take some time, learn a little about Solar Power and how it can benefit you and your family. Solar Power is the future, last time I checked there was no shortage. http://www.SolarWorks211.Com
It’s still perceived that Solar Power is too expensive, and cannot compete with fossil fuel. The cost of Solar is falling all the time. Plus, it doesn’t take a rocket-scientist to figure out, when you have to pay for a fuel to burn for the next 20 to 40 years - versus NO fuel costs - solar power just might be a better way. You may still think you can’t afford a solar installation. A system can be sized from one panel to any quantity - you can expand a system, a panel at a time. There’s many other practical uses as well for smaller solar applications.
I believe Solar PV Panels are a cost effective form of energy today. We need to put more emphasis on how Solar Energy and other Renewable Energy can contribute in solving these problems. More power, less pollution! There is great contrast from a blackout in Hong Kong due to unrealistic energy demands, and trying to read by the light of a kerosene lamp in Kisii Town, Kenya. Electrical power requirements ripple across Europe as well, and the day-to-day efforts to meet electrical goals in China remain overwhelming. Solar Power is our best hope as a gradual supplement and replacement for growing energy demands globally. Solar is a flexible medium that can be installed without an infrastructure, something that may not be present everywhere.
A single small solar panel could run all your exterior lighting of your home - collecting light during the day and storing it, running lights into the morning. A single panel could also keep an SLA battery charged, providing emergency lighting for your home during power outages. Beats that noisy generator in the garage, don’t you think? Solar is expensive to install. Not really, many solutions are easy do-it-yourself - qualified crews are available for major projects.
Regardless of your political views, we all know we cannot simply continue to “consume” natural resources, to solve our energy needs. A remarkable effect would take place just reducing our personal electrical consumption a little bit - you know, reducing that carbon footprint. Even if it’s simply charging your cell phone, laptop, and other electronics with portable solar devices. Solar is great for RVs and Camping as well. It’s very abundant and a completely clean form of energy. Take some time, learn a little about Solar Power and how it can benefit you and your family. Solar Power is the future, last time I checked there was no shortage. http://www.SolarWorks211.Com
Brown Clouds or Green Energy
I’ve got lead in my brain, mercury in my nervous system, and benzene damaged kidneys. I breath arsenic and nickel into my lungs to my oxygen starved heart, while singing in the acid rain, looking through smog and sulfurous clouds, with tears in my eyes trying to see a hole in my ozone. These words may seem an exaggeration of our condition, or are they?
Recently the Worldwatch Institute said, "We have overwhelmed the natural systems from which we emerged and created the dangerous illusion that we no longer depend on a healthy environment. As a result, humanity now faces a challenge that rivals any in its history: restoring balance with nature while expanding economic opportunities for the billions of people whose basic needs--for food and clean water, for example--are still not being met." Governments are not solving the energy issues, nor can we wait for them. International global communication exists today, creating an environment that allows the people immediate interaction. Immediate communication. Immediate comprehension. An immediate exchange of ideas, and innovations that can lead to real solutions. Don’t wait for it to happen, make it happen. Become part of a solution. Solar Power is one of those solutions. I believe Solar PV Panels are a cost effective form of energy today. We need to put more emphasis on how Solar Energy and other Renewable Energy can contribute in solving these problems. More power, less pollution!
The demands for power in India and China are enormous. The congested cities of New England as well as the West coast of America, and across Europe also contribute to the unrealistic electrical needs that impose on our natural resources. But at what cost? We all know we cannot continue to rape the planet of it’s resources. Nor can we continue to pollute our air and water. This is not the environment we want to live in. This is not the legacy we want to pass to the world’s next generation - to our children. First, we need a better understanding of the problem, a grass-roots grasp. Not just at “home”, but across all borders. Vast academic studies and research are necessary and valuable, yet hold little meaning if we have no real appreciation, or understanding of the tangible issues that people face everyday. How much power does your flat require in Hong Kong? What’s it like to breath kerosene fumes all evening in Kenya? How’s the air in Mumbai? We must consider that solar power requires very little infrastructure to be implemented.
Are the electrical problems the same in all large cities? Is the problem the same in Tokyo as it is in Mexico City, Mumbai as is in Sao Paulo, Shanghai as is in Lagos, how about Seoul versus Cairo, or Moscow versus Paris? Meeting manufacturing demands in China are a moment-to-moment demand. One would think the electrical demands of London are no different than the one’s experienced in New York, or Frankfurt. Or are they? Are the solutions different? However, one would expect a difference of opinion in Ethiopia, where perhaps power for pumping and purifying water may dominate. Keep in mind there is a great difference in the need of providing light to read in your grass hut, versus light for your recreational vehicle. In the 21st century, electrical power is no longer a want it is a need.
The demands for power in India and China are enormous. The congested cities of New England as well as the West coast of America, and across Europe also contribute to the unrealistic electrical needs that impose on our natural resources. But at what cost? We all know we cannot continue to rape the planet of it’s resources. Nor can we continue to pollute our air and water. This is not the environment we want to live in. This is not the legacy want to leave the next generation.
Recently the Worldwatch Institute said, "We have overwhelmed the natural systems from which we emerged and created the dangerous illusion that we no longer depend on a healthy environment. As a result, humanity now faces a challenge that rivals any in its history: restoring balance with nature while expanding economic opportunities for the billions of people whose basic needs--for food and clean water, for example--are still not being met." Governments are not solving the energy issues, nor can we wait for them. International global communication exists today, creating an environment that allows the people immediate interaction. Immediate communication. Immediate comprehension. An immediate exchange of ideas, and innovations that can lead to real solutions. Don’t wait for it to happen, make it happen. Become part of a solution. Solar Power is one of those solutions. I believe Solar PV Panels are a cost effective form of energy today. We need to put more emphasis on how Solar Energy and other Renewable Energy can contribute in solving these problems. More power, less pollution!
The demands for power in India and China are enormous. The congested cities of New England as well as the West coast of America, and across Europe also contribute to the unrealistic electrical needs that impose on our natural resources. But at what cost? We all know we cannot continue to rape the planet of it’s resources. Nor can we continue to pollute our air and water. This is not the environment we want to live in. This is not the legacy we want to pass to the world’s next generation - to our children. First, we need a better understanding of the problem, a grass-roots grasp. Not just at “home”, but across all borders. Vast academic studies and research are necessary and valuable, yet hold little meaning if we have no real appreciation, or understanding of the tangible issues that people face everyday. How much power does your flat require in Hong Kong? What’s it like to breath kerosene fumes all evening in Kenya? How’s the air in Mumbai? We must consider that solar power requires very little infrastructure to be implemented.
Are the electrical problems the same in all large cities? Is the problem the same in Tokyo as it is in Mexico City, Mumbai as is in Sao Paulo, Shanghai as is in Lagos, how about Seoul versus Cairo, or Moscow versus Paris? Meeting manufacturing demands in China are a moment-to-moment demand. One would think the electrical demands of London are no different than the one’s experienced in New York, or Frankfurt. Or are they? Are the solutions different? However, one would expect a difference of opinion in Ethiopia, where perhaps power for pumping and purifying water may dominate. Keep in mind there is a great difference in the need of providing light to read in your grass hut, versus light for your recreational vehicle. In the 21st century, electrical power is no longer a want it is a need.
The demands for power in India and China are enormous. The congested cities of New England as well as the West coast of America, and across Europe also contribute to the unrealistic electrical needs that impose on our natural resources. But at what cost? We all know we cannot continue to rape the planet of it’s resources. Nor can we continue to pollute our air and water. This is not the environment we want to live in. This is not the legacy want to leave the next generation.
Three’s Company - Oil, Coal, and Solar
I’m pro Renewable Energy. I’m passionate about Solar Power, and I care tremendously about our environment. However, coal is what brought us into and allowed the Industrial Age to occur. Even today, coal produces half of the energy in the United States, and more in other countries. The industry also provides many jobs in a time where work is scarce. Yes, it causes a lot of damage to local environments. Coal also causes a substantial amount of health problems for people near mining operations. People close to the power plants suffer health effects as well. There’s also the argument of carbon emissions associated with coal power.
Now that I have both the Environmentalists and the Coal Workers upset… let us not leave out the Oil Industry. Bashing the oil companies will not put one more Solar Panel on a roof. Yes, the recent oil “spill” was a catastrophe! Yes, people have a right to be angry. However, we’re not a society that’s ready to give up on the use of oil. Now honestly, did you know that over half the barrel of crude oil is made into other products. We would find many, difficult to do without.
Look around you and consider what is made from plastic. Then consider the asphalt on our roads, the rubber in our tires, and the tar on our roofs. Hundreds, actually thousands, of products you use everyday come from that barrel of crude oil. Over 53% of a barrel of crude oil is made into countless plastics, polymers, electronic components, wax and packaging materials, perfume, jet fuel, paint, insect repellent, tires, sulfur, safety glass, pharmaceuticals, lubrications, asphalt, propane, diesel, soaps, computers, flooring like linoleum, tiles, and carpets, insecticides, shampoo, fertilizers, hand lotion and creams, electrodes, cosmetics, fibers and materials like polyester and nylon, elastomer materials, solvents, synthetics, heating oil, numerous chemicals, solid fuels, hydrogen, carbon, and kerosene… over 4,000 petrochemical products, AND the rest is gasoline.
So go ahead, try to build an automobile, a television, or a computer without oil. From the carpet under our feet, to the roofs over ours heads, and the clothes on many of our backs… you will find oil plays a major part. I’m not saying there are not alternatives, just that we need a better plan than just, us and them.
I believe coal has remained cheap because society has not forced mining operations and power companies to internalize the costs of the environmental, economic, and health damage associated with coal into the price. Coal continues to dominate simply because the market doesn't reflect social costs. This is going to change. Solar Power is already competitive with coal even before these realizations will begin to drive up the cost of coal. Construction cost estimates for new coal-fired power plants have increased significantly in recent years. There have been staggering increases in recent costs. The estimated costs of building new coal plants have reached $3,500 per kW, without financing costs, and are expected to increase further. A cost of well over $2 billion for a new 600 MW coal plant. Solar anyone?
I’m one-hundred percent for Renewable Energy, and I believe Solar Power is the most promising choice. That said, without both coal and oil, at this moment in time, our society would crumble. Frankly, we wouldn’t survive. I’m not aware of anyone that could give up the use of oil or its by-products. Or shutting down half the power plants in the country, and giving up on coal. So, let’s put our collective minds together and find solutions, not arguments. We need the coal, we need the oil, we need the jobs, and we need Solar Power to emerge and evolve into the solution it can be for our future.
Now that I have both the Environmentalists and the Coal Workers upset… let us not leave out the Oil Industry. Bashing the oil companies will not put one more Solar Panel on a roof. Yes, the recent oil “spill” was a catastrophe! Yes, people have a right to be angry. However, we’re not a society that’s ready to give up on the use of oil. Now honestly, did you know that over half the barrel of crude oil is made into other products. We would find many, difficult to do without.
Look around you and consider what is made from plastic. Then consider the asphalt on our roads, the rubber in our tires, and the tar on our roofs. Hundreds, actually thousands, of products you use everyday come from that barrel of crude oil. Over 53% of a barrel of crude oil is made into countless plastics, polymers, electronic components, wax and packaging materials, perfume, jet fuel, paint, insect repellent, tires, sulfur, safety glass, pharmaceuticals, lubrications, asphalt, propane, diesel, soaps, computers, flooring like linoleum, tiles, and carpets, insecticides, shampoo, fertilizers, hand lotion and creams, electrodes, cosmetics, fibers and materials like polyester and nylon, elastomer materials, solvents, synthetics, heating oil, numerous chemicals, solid fuels, hydrogen, carbon, and kerosene… over 4,000 petrochemical products, AND the rest is gasoline.
So go ahead, try to build an automobile, a television, or a computer without oil. From the carpet under our feet, to the roofs over ours heads, and the clothes on many of our backs… you will find oil plays a major part. I’m not saying there are not alternatives, just that we need a better plan than just, us and them.
I believe coal has remained cheap because society has not forced mining operations and power companies to internalize the costs of the environmental, economic, and health damage associated with coal into the price. Coal continues to dominate simply because the market doesn't reflect social costs. This is going to change. Solar Power is already competitive with coal even before these realizations will begin to drive up the cost of coal. Construction cost estimates for new coal-fired power plants have increased significantly in recent years. There have been staggering increases in recent costs. The estimated costs of building new coal plants have reached $3,500 per kW, without financing costs, and are expected to increase further. A cost of well over $2 billion for a new 600 MW coal plant. Solar anyone?
I’m one-hundred percent for Renewable Energy, and I believe Solar Power is the most promising choice. That said, without both coal and oil, at this moment in time, our society would crumble. Frankly, we wouldn’t survive. I’m not aware of anyone that could give up the use of oil or its by-products. Or shutting down half the power plants in the country, and giving up on coal. So, let’s put our collective minds together and find solutions, not arguments. We need the coal, we need the oil, we need the jobs, and we need Solar Power to emerge and evolve into the solution it can be for our future.
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